What is Eczema? Eczema Treatment Methods

Eczema is a skin condition that causes redness, itching, dryness, and sometimes blisters on the skin. The term “dermatitis” is also used in medical literature. Eczema is usually characterized by dryness, irritation, and inflammation of the skin. There are many different types of eczema, but the most common types are atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, and seborrheic dermatitis.

Eczema can often occur due to genetic factors, immune system problems, environmental factors, and sensitivity to substances that come into contact with the skin. Exposure to allergens, chemicals, detergents, perfumes, or a variety of other environmental triggers can cause eczema to worsen.

Eczema can usually be controlled with avoiding certain triggers, proper skin care, and sometimes medications prescribed by a doctor. Eczema usually begins in childhood and can last a lifetime, but symptoms can improve or worsen over time. It is important to see a dermatologist for more information about eczema and effective treatments.

What are the symptoms of eczema?

Eczema is a skin condition that can manifest itself with various symptoms. These symptoms may vary depending on the type of eczema and from person to person. However, in general, eczema symptoms include:

Redness: Eczema usually starts with redness on the skin. This is the result of inflammation of the skin and dilation of the blood vessels.

Itching: One of the most obvious symptoms is itching. Itching is a typical response of irritated skin due to eczema. Scratching can cause further irritation of the skin and worsen the condition.

Dryness: Eczema is often associated with dryness of the skin. Dryness means that the skin loses its normal moisture and cracks and flakes form.

Blisters and Blistered Skin Areas: Eczema can sometimes cause fluid-filled blisters to form. These blisters can burst over time and the blistered areas can turn into open sores on the skin.

Red Rashes: Eczema usually causes red rashes on the skin. These rashes can be a sign of inflammation in the skin.

Dry Scaly Skin: Eczema is characterized by dryness and flaking of the skin. This occurs when the skin is not moisturized properly.

Swelling: Swelling can occur on the skin due to eczema. This is usually the result of inflammation and skin reaction.

These symptoms are usually associated with eczema, but the symptoms can vary depending on the type of eczema and skin condition. In severe cases, eczema can cause cracking, inflammation and infections on the skin. It is important to seek help from a dermatologist to relieve and control eczema symptoms.

What Causes Eczema?

There are several different causes of eczema (dermatitis) and it usually develops as a result of a combination. These causes can be genetic, environmental and immune system-based. Here are the main factors that contribute to the development of eczema:

Genetic Predisposition:

A family history of atopic diseases such as eczema, asthma or allergies can increase an individual’s risk of developing eczema. Genetic factors can cause the skin barrier to be weak and to be more sensitive to allergens.

Immune System Problems:

The immune system protects the body from infections and foreign substances. However, in some cases, the immune system can overreact and cause inflammation in the skin.

Weakness of the Skin Barrier:

The epidermis, the outer layer of the skin, acts as a barrier and protects the body against external factors. Eczema can develop when the skin cannot fulfill its barrier function. This causes the skin to dry and crack, allowing external factors to penetrate the skin more easily.

Environmental Triggers:

Eczema can be triggered by various environmental factors. These factors include allergens (pollen, house dust mites, animal hair), chemicals (detergents, perfumes), weather conditions (cold air, dry air), excessive sweating and stress.

Immunological Factors:

In some cases, the immune system overreacts when it encounters an allergen and can cause inflammation in the skin. In this case, the immune system overreacts to harmless substances.

Hormonal Changes:

Hormonal changes, especially during periods such as puberty, pregnancy or hormonal treatment, can trigger eczema symptoms.

Infections:

Infections caused by microbes on the skin can worsen eczema symptoms or contribute to the emergence of eczema.

Each individual’s condition may be different, and more than one factor may play a role in the development of eczema. Individuals with eczema symptoms can get professional help from a dermatologist to evaluate their condition and receive information about appropriate treatment plans.

What are Eczema Treatment Methods?

Eczema treatment depends on the severity, type of symptoms and the patient’s can vary depending on the individual condition. Treatment usually aims to relieve symptoms, reduce inflammation, control itching, and promote skin healing. Here are some common methods used to treat eczema:

Topical Steroid Creams and Ointments:

Topical steroid creams or ointments prescribed by doctors can be used to reduce inflammation and control itching. However, long-term use is not recommended and should be done under the supervision of a doctor.

Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors:

These creams can help reduce inflammation of the skin. They can be used in a similar way to topical steroids and are usually preferred in sensitive areas such as the face and genital area.

Moisturizers:

Moisturizers play an important role in the treatment of eczema. This helps to keep the skin moist, reducing dryness and supporting the skin’s barrier function.

Antihistamines:

Oral antihistamines can be used to control itching. However, some antihistamines can cause drowsiness, so it is important to consult a doctor before use.

Topical Antibiotics:

Eczema can cause open sores and cracks, which can increase the risk of infection. Your doctor may prescribe topical antibiotic creams to help prevent or treat infections.

Immunomodulators:

Topical immune modulators can be used to control eczema symptoms. These medications help regulate the skin’s immune system.

UV Light and Phototherapy:

Ultraviolet (UV) light, administered under a doctor’s supervision, can be effective in treating some types of eczema. This treatment can reduce inflammation of the skin.

Oral or Injectable Medications:

In severe cases of eczema, your doctor may prescribe oral or injectable corticosteroids or immune modulators.

Dietary Changes:

Eczema symptoms can be associated with sensitivities to certain foods. Therefore, in some cases, dietary changes can relieve symptoms. However, it is important to consult a specialist.